According to a report by the Physicist Organization Network on April 10 (Beijing time), American scientists have made major breakthroughs in measuring the structure of nanomaterials under extreme high pressure, and for the first time solved the problem of severe distortion of high-energy X-ray beams for imaging of gold nanocrystal structures. It is expected to lead scientists to create new nanomaterials under high pressure, which will also help people better understand what is happening inside the planet. The latest technology was published in the "Nature and Communications" magazine published on April 9.
Yang Wenge, the lead author of the research paper and the Carnegie Institute High Voltage Collaborative Union, explained: “The only way to understand the effects of high pressure on gold nanocrystals and other samples is to use high-energy X-rays generated by synchrotron radiation sources. The synchrotron produces high-coherence X-rays for three-dimensional imaging with an accuracy of tens of nanometers, which is different from the incoherent X-ray imaging used for chemical detection, and its spatial resolution is only in the micron range. The coherent, high-energy X-ray beam is severely distorted under high pressure."
The team found that by averaging the scattering patterns of the same crystals using different sample arrangements, and by using algorithms developed by scientists at the London Nanotechnology Center, they were able to correct this distortion and increase the spatial resolution by 2 orders of magnitude. .
The researchers performed this imaging experiment at the Advanced Photonics Center in Argonne National Laboratory, USA. They allowed a 400-nanometer gold crystal to withstand 8,000 to 64,000 times the sea-level pressure, and the pressure of the latter is close to The pressure of the upper mantle between the Earth’s outer core and the earth's crust. The research team found that, just as they had expected, the corners of the crystals became sharp and strained, but it was completely unexpected that this tightening completely disappeared if it continued to pressurize. When the pressure reaches its maximum value, the crystal becomes round.
Yang Wenge said: “Gold nanoparticles are very useful substances. Compared to other micron-sized particles, they have a 60% higher hardness. They are crucial for the manufacture of advanced molecular electrodes, nanoscale coatings, and other advanced engineering materials. Therefore, new technologies are critical to the development of these fields."
Robinson said: "Now, the distortion of the beam has been solved, we can study the changes in nanocrystal structure under high pressure, and it is also hopeful to answer why nanocrystals will have 60% more hardness than bulk materials under heavy pressure. Problems.†(Reporter Liu Xia)
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