For many years, scientists have been studying new energy storage methods. Scientists have been studying supercapacitors that replace modern lithium-ion batteries. The problem with supercapacitors today is that they cannot store the energy needed for some uses. Scientists from Japan have developed a new type of supercapacitor that uses conductive nanodiamond as the electrode material.
The result is a high-performance energy storage device suitable for long-term continuous rapid charging and discharging applications. The biggest advantage of supercapacitors is that their charging and discharging capabilities are faster than traditional batteries. They can also last longer or longer. This ability makes it very suitable for use scenarios such as regenerative braking in electric vehicles, wearable electronic devices, etc.
A major problem with modern supercapacitors is their low energy density. The Japanese team has used boron-doped nanodiamonds as electrodes. The material was chosen because the team knew that boron-doped diamonds could keep high-energy storage devices stable over time.
The research team used a method called microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition to fabricate these electrodes and test them to verify their performance. In an alkaline two-electrode system containing an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte, the voltage generated by the electrode is much higher than that of a conventional battery, thereby making the supercapacitor have higher energy and power density.
Then, the research team investigated whether the electrode would show the same result if the electrolyte was changed to a saturated sodium perchlorate solution. This setting causes the generated voltage to increase greatly. It is unclear when or whether this type of supercapacitor will go into production.
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