Do a good job of "three defenses" in the middle and late stages of wheat

The management of wheat in the middle and late period is directly related to the high and low yield. In line with the principle of crop “three-point, seven-point management”, it is necessary to strengthen the management of wheat in the middle and late period. In view of the characteristics and problems in current wheat production, the management in the middle and late stages should be based on topdressing and watering, supplemented by pest control, focusing on the following measures:
First, drought prevention
1. Anti-freezing damage In winter, due to the dry and dry weather, some wheat varieties and wheat fields without watering have certain effects; for wheat fields with weak freezing, yellow wheat fields can be added with 2% to 2.5% urea or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Foliar sprays are applied to plant growth regulators to alleviate frost damage and promote wheat growth.
　　
2. Pouring the water of booting water, flowering water and grouting water is the critical period of water demand at the booting stage. This period is the key period for determining the rate of ear formation and striking the large ear of the stalk. Therefore, the water should be poured before the heading. Watering to chase the second fertilizer, generally 5 kg of urea in the mu; the wheat grain is urgently required during the formation of the grain, the water is insufficient, the grain will be degraded, and the number of grains per ear will be reduced. Therefore, the flower water should be poured in time to strive for more formation. The number of kernels per spike; about 10 to 15 days after the flowering of wheat enters the filling period, it is necessary to timely pour the grouting water to prevent root senescence and increase the grain weight; when watering, it should be combined with anti-inversion, and the wind is not poured. Prevent late lodging.
　　
Second, anti-death
There are many reasons for the emergence of dead seedlings in wheat, such as diseases, underground pests, water pollution, phytotoxicity and so on.
　　
1. Disease-resistant wheat root rot, also known as wheat root rot leaf spot disease, black embryo disease, blue death disease, etc., can be affected during the whole growth period of wheat; severe root rot, the lower leaves of wheat seedlings turn yellow, gradually die of yellow , which seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat.
　　
Control methods: use varieties resistant to root rot; do not leave seeds in diseased fields, do not plant seeds with black embryos; rational rotation with broadleaf crops such as beans and potatoes; timely sowing, shallow sowing; organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed, nitrogen Phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers are used in a reasonable mix; there are many drugs to prevent and treat the disease, but they should be based on prevention. The commonly used drugs are 70% mancozeb wettable powder, which is seeded at 0.2% to 0.3% of the seed weight.
　　
2. The pests causing the dead seedlings of wheat are mainly golden worms, mites and mites. In recent years, the damage of wheat underground pests has become more and more serious.
　　
Control methods: 1 underground pests to control underground pests more drugs, can use 5% phoxim granules 2 kg or 3% phoxim granules 3 ~ 4 kg mixed fine soil 30 ~ 40 kg ditch Into, or after the ridge is applied, the soil is covered.
　　
2 Piper worms use 40% of the emulsifiable concentrate of 40% per acre, and drip into the water when pouring the ground, with an average of 60 drops per minute.
　　
3 wheat bran, white powder and rust 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times liquid or powder rusting 100 grams and other fungicides 30 kg of water, for a comprehensive prevention; for the de-fermented land can also add 1.5% to 2% urea or 0.3 Foliar spray of % potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., prolongs the functional period of the leaves, increases the grain weight, and increases the yield of wheat.
　　
Third, anti-yellowing
　　
1. Water damage yellowing in the low-lying terrain, poor drainage and drainage of the field, due to long-term waterlogging state, the decomposition of organic matter is slow, nutrients can not be absorbed in time, resulting in yellow color of wheat seedlings, slow growth, root development blocked, shallow roots, Seriously, there will be rotten roots and dead seedlings. The ditch drainage work should be done immediately, the drainage ditch in the field should be deepened, the groundwater level should be lowered, and then the appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to promote normal growth.
　　
2. Nitrogen-deficient yellowing and nitrogen-deficient yellowing wheat field generally shows that the whole plant is uniformly fading and yellowing, the old leaves are heavier than the new leaves, the leaves are narrow, and the new leaves are reduced; when the number of seedlings is excessive and the organic fertilizer is insufficient, the seedlings are insufficient. Yellowing of the field with relatively few fertilizers and fertilizers is particularly serious. It should be supplemented with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate can be added per acre for watering. The ammonium bicarbonate can be applied to increase the fertilizer utilization rate.
　　
3. Potassium deficiency, yellowing, potassium deficiency, yellowing, often occur in sandy soil, and the edge is heavier than the sputum; yellowing wheat seedlings generally start from the tip of the leaf and then extend down the leaf edge, the macula The boundary of the normal part is obvious, and it becomes inlaid yellowing. The yellow leaves tend to soften and stick to the ground in the later stage. The potassium-deficient wheat field can be spread by 100 kilograms of plant ash per acre. It can also be applied with 10 kg of chemical potassium fertilizer such as potassium chloride. Or it can be poured with water, and it can also be sprayed with 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which can get good results.
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