Gas heat pump technology and its application (with photos)

Abstract: This paper introduces the working principle and application of the gas heat Pump, which shows that the gas heat pump can ease the power shortage and adjust the seasonal unevenness of the gas consumption, which is beneficial to save energy and protect the environment. Author: Jiao Wenling (Harbin University of Architecture Department of Thermal Engineering, Harbin 150008) Xu Jie (Harbin Gas Chemical Industry Group Corporation, Harbin 150008) CLC TU996.79 TK511.21 introduction of energy from the latest forecast report can be seen, in 2030 Almost double the current energy consumption (Table 1), and the consumption of natural gas, which accounts for more than 20% of energy, is also increasing simultaneously (Table 2). In developing countries like ours, energy consumption is projected to increase dramatically due to population growth and the establishment of a large number of energy-consuming industrial production installations. Table 1 Prediction of global energy consumption Era consumption EJ Table 2 Forecast of Global Natural Gas Consumption Chronological Consumption EJ 1992 75 2000 2030 130 The environmental problems that are caused by this are the prevention and reduction of air pollution Many countries have strict limits on emissions from combustion equipment (see Table 3) and the emission limits of gaseous fuels are stricter than coal or petroleum, which is where the advantages of gaseous fuels lie. Table 3 Large-scale combustion equipment emission limits - emission limit (mg / m3) combustion SO2 NOX Dust solid 400 ~ 2 650 650 50 ~ 100 Liquid 400 ~ 1 700 450 50 Gaseous 35 350 5 This paper attempts to introduce the principle of gas heat pump and its application , In order to promote the development of gas heat pump in our country, to achieve the purpose of saving energy and protecting the environment. 2 gas heat pump working principle 2.1 heat pump working principle Figure 1 heat pump working temperature range The working principle of the heat pump with the same refrigerator, are based on reverse cycle heat engine work. According to the second law of thermodynamics, when high energy consumption W is used as a compensation condition, Q1 heat can be extracted from the low-temperature heat source and transferred to the high-temperature heat source Q2, as shown in FIG. 1. Heat pumps draw heat from ambient temperatures and heat them to high-temperature heat sources or radiate heat to a relatively high-temperature heat source, creating a cool environment at a low temperature (cooling) or cooling and heating at the same time. One of the most simple vapor compression heat pump is composed of compressor, condenser, throttle, evaporator composition, the working principle shown in Figure 2. In principle, all kinds of engines can be used, such as motors, fuel engines, and external combustion engines. However, the energy they can consume is not the same in value, and the energy Value, we must look at the number, but also depends on its quality, energy according to their quality can be divided into high and low energy can be two. Theoretically, we can evaluate the performance of the heat pump system by using the coefficient of heating performance εh: However, considering the quality of the energy, it is more reasonable to evaluate the energy saving effect of the heat pump by using the energy utilization coefficient. Energy efficiency factor E is defined as the ratio of primary energy used to heat and consumed. Heat pump low temperature heat source can be air, well water, sea water, soil heat, solar energy, etc., the advantage of heat pump is that it effectively uses the energy of these low-temperature heat source, consume a certain amount of high energy, the heat is High energy consumption and low calorie absorption, thus saving high energy, especially for some industrial sectors (such as meat processing plants), the process needs both cooling and heating of the occasion, the use of heat pump device It seems more economical and reasonable. 2.2 Gas heat pump with gas engine driven gas heat pump, with all the advantages of the heat pump itself, but also both gas combustion emissions less features; the other gas engines and high efficiency, generally more than 30% (higher than the power generation Of the total efficiency of 27%), if you take full advantage of this gas engine exhaust, cylinder cooling water jacket waste heat, you can get a relatively high energy efficiency. For example: energy-driven heat pump energy utilization factor E = η1η2εh, thermal power efficiency η1 = 0.3, transmission and distribution efficiency η2 = 0.9, εh take 3, then E = 0.81. The gas-driven heat pump, heat engine efficiency η = 0.37, εh = 3, then E = 0.37 × 3 = 1.11, then consider the 46% water jacket waste heat utilization, then E = 1.11 +0.46 = 1.57. In recent years

Drilling BOP And Control System

During oil drilling, it is installed on the wellhead casing head to control high-pressure oil, gas, and water blowout devices. When the oil and gas pressure in the well is high, the blowout preventer can close the wellhead (shut down). When the heavy mud is pressed into the drill pipe, there is a four-way under the ram, which can replace the mud invaded by gas, increase the pressure of the liquid column in the well, and suppress the ejection of high-pressure oil and gas.
Its types are divided into ordinary blowout preventer, universal blowout preventer and rotary blowout preventer. The universal blowout preventer can be activated in emergency situations to deal with any size of drilling tools and empty wells; the rotary blowout preventer can realize the blowout and drilling operation. In deep well drilling, in addition to two ordinary blowout preventers, universal blowout preventers and rotary blowout preventers are often added, so that three or four combinations are installed at the wellhead.
Annular Blow-out Preventer Annular Blow-out Preventer is usually equipped with a large gate with a ram-type blowout preventer. During operation, a sealed annular space is formed between the pipe string and the wellbore. When there is a pipe string in the well, it can also be separated The well is closed, but it will not work after several times of use, and long-term shut-in use is not allowed.

Drilling BOP And Control System,Double ram blowout preventer, single ram blowout preventer, annular blowout preventer, blowout preventer control system

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