Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a new type of liquid metal battery that can work at room temperature, setting a record for the current minimum working temperature of liquid metal batteries. The researchers published a paper in the "Advanced Materials" magazine, saying that this battery has all the advantages of solid metal batteries and liquid metal batteries, and has broad application prospects.
Liquid metal batteries are considered a promising electrochemical system for stationary energy storage. Currently, all reported liquid metal batteries need to operate at temperatures above 240°C to keep the metal electrodes in a molten state. And the liquid metal battery developed by the research team, the metal electrode can be kept molten at a temperature of 20 ℃, which is also the lowest working temperature recorded by the liquid metal battery.
The battery uses a sodium-potassium alloy anode and a gallium-based alloy cathode, which has stable cycling performance and is expected to provide more power than the current lithium-ion batteries used in most personal electronic devices. Due to the use of liquid components, the size of the battery can be customized according to the required power, so it can be used in both smart devices such as smart phones and watches, and large-scale infrastructure such as smart grids. Compared with liquid metal electrodes based on lead and mercury, non-toxic gallium-based alloys are also more environmentally friendly.
The researchers pointed out that the new battery has the advantages of both solid metal batteries and liquid metal batteries, can store more electricity, and is more stable, more energy-saving, and more environmentally friendly. Although this type of battery cannot compete with high-temperature liquid metal batteries at present, with the advancement of technology and the optimization of design, its future application prospects will be very broad. (Reporter Liu Haiying)
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