High drug efficacy generally means that under normal conditions, the pesticide has the following control effects: 50 grams of active ingredient per acre of insecticide , the control effect is greater than 90%; the fungicide sprays 100 grams of active ingredient per acre of land, The control effect is greater than 70%; the herbicide applies 250 grams of active ingredient per acre, and its control effect is greater than 70%. For example, fenvalerate is used in the period of pest growth, and the tea green leafhopper is controlled, and the effective ingredient is 1.5-2.5 g; the cypermethrin is used in the larvae at the age of 2-3, and the effective ingredient 0.25- is controlled against the cabbage caterpillar, the diamondback moth, etc. 0.5 g; Cypermethrin is extracted in citrus new shoots for 3-6 days, when the length is less than 0.5 cm, and when the eggs are hatched or larvae are 1 to 2 years old, the effective ingredients are 0.8-1 g; The drug is used to control soybean heartworm, and the effective ingredient is 1-1.5 grams per mu. The control effect is very good. Fuji No.2, Tricyclazole against rice blast, leaf sulphate for prevention of water white leaf disease, powder rusting against wheat stripe rust, chlorothalonil control flower rust, leaf spot, carbendazim against vegetable powdery mildew, sclerotinia And anthrax, etc., the active ingredients in the mu do not need to exceed l00 grams. Take a net on the annual grass weeds in the 2-4 leaf stage. Perennial grasses weeds 3-5 leaf stage medication, simazine to control dryland weeds, field weeds and garden weeds, etc., the effective ingredients in acres are less than 250 grams.
The above-mentioned medicaments have reached high efficiency standards for the above diseases, insects and weeds, and all of them are highly effective pesticides. Pesticides are highly toxic to higher animals. The magnitude of toxicity is often expressed as the lethal dose (LD50) or lethal concentration (LC50) of rats, mice or rabbits, in milligrams per kilogram of body weight. The smaller the value of LD50 (or LC50), the greater the toxicity; conversely, the larger the value, the less toxic. The toxicity of pesticides to mice or rabbits also reflects the toxicity to humans and animals. The acute toxicity of low-toxic pesticides (LD50) mg/kg is: oral administration of rats over 500-5000; rabbit skin application 350-2810 or more; rats inhaled through the respiratory tract for 4 hours to kill 1/3-1/2 concentration ( LC1/3-1/2) PPM, above 1000-10000.
According to this standard, the pesticides that are low in toxicity are: phoxim, methotrexate, Nongmute, Kruth, 螨代治, Tork, Pyrbis, Fujitsu, Rust, and chlorothalonil. , carbendazim, carbendazim, ruthenium sulphate, DT emulsion, Heda Zhuang, Nongdang, Weiluosheng, Youke sylbutachlor, ketochlor, chlorpyrifos, oxacillin, Bentazon, Dole, Lasso, Fluoride, Jingshen, Nateng, Hetrajin, etc. The first six of the above pesticides are insecticides and acaricides, and the middle ones are fungicides, and the rest are herbicides.
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