Due to the extensive application of computer hardware and software technology and network technology, virtual manufacturing has the following characteristics :
(1) It is possible to predict product performance, save manufacturing costs, and shorten product development cycle without manufacturing a physical prototype.
(2) Early detection of problems in product development, timely feedback and corrections.
(3) Product development in the form of software simulation.
(4) Enterprise management mode is based on Intranet or Internet, and the entire manufacturing activities are highly parallel.
3. Types of virtual manufacturing
The broad manufacturing process includes not only the design, processing and assembly of products, but also the organization and control of production activities. From this point of view, virtual manufacturing can be divided into three categories: design-centric virtual manufacturing, production-centric virtual manufacturing, and control-centric virtual manufacturing.
(1) Design-centric virtual manufacturing
The design-centered virtual manufacturing emphasizes the simulation, analysis and optimization of the digital product model based on the unified manufacturing information model, and analyzes the structural performance, kinematics, dynamics, thermodynamics and assemblability of the product. Get design evaluation and performance prediction results for the product.
(2) Production-centered virtual manufacturing
Production-centered virtual manufacturing simulates the production process of an enterprise under the constraints of enterprise resources, and optimizes different processing processes and combinations. It analyzes and evaluates the "productivity" of the product, optimizes the combination of manufacturing resources and environment, and rationalizes production planning and scheduling by providing accurate production cost information.
(3) Control-centric virtual manufacturing
Control-centered virtual manufacturing introduces simulation technology into the control model, providing a virtual environment that simulates the actual production process, enabling the company to optimize the manufacturing process based on the shop control behavior. The above three virtual manufacturing focuses on different aspects of the manufacturing process. However, they all use computer modeling and simulation technology as an important means of realization. Through the unified modeling of the manufacturing process, simulation support the design process, simulation manufacturing process, cost estimation and production scheduling.
4, virtual manufacturing applications
Virtual manufacturing has been studied and applied in different degrees in industrialized countries such as the United States, Germany, and Japan. In this field, the United States is at the forefront of international research. Ford Motor Company and Chrysler Automobile Corporation have applied virtual manufacturing technology in the development of new vehicles, which has greatly shortened the release time of products. The Boeing 777 large passenger aircraft is the world's first aircraft designed in a three-dimensional paperless manner. Its design success has become a milestone in the virtual manufacturing from theoretical research to practical use.
In China, research and teaching units such as Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and Harbin Institute of Technology have also carried out research work in this field. At present, the key research direction of virtual manufacturing applications in China is based on China's national conditions, the three-dimensional virtual design of products, simulation of process simulation and product assembly simulation, mainly to study how to generate virtual prototypes of products with high credibility, which can be compared in the product design stage. High confidence predicts the ultimate performance and manufacturability of the product being designed. In industries with high-tech content requirements, such as aerospace, military, precision machine tools, microelectronics, etc., with the deepening of research and the development of related technologies, virtual manufacturing will be increasingly widely used.
5 Conclusion
Based on the digital model of the product, using advanced system modeling and simulation optimization technology, virtual manufacturing realizes dynamic simulation from product design, processing, manufacturing to inspection, and makes reasonable decision and optimization for the operation of the enterprise. control. Virtual manufacturing replaces the physical prototype with the product's "soft" model (SoftPrototype). By evaluating the model's simulation test, it can achieve higher design quality at lower production cost, shorten the product release cycle, and improve the product. Enterprise production efficiency. The production of enterprises has a high degree of flexibility and rapid market response because of the application of virtual manufacturing technology, so the market competitiveness is greatly enhanced. As an advanced manufacturing model, the scope of application of virtual manufacturing will inevitably expand, bringing more benefits to more enterprises.
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