The "2011 China Clean Power Forum and China International Clean Energy Expo Sub Forum Solar Energy Forum" co-sponsored by the China Electricity Council, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, and the Cologne International Exhibition Co., Ltd. was grandly opened at the Beijing National Convention Center.
Jia Yangang, Dean of the Solar Energy Research Institute of China Electric Power Co., Ltd. gave a brilliant exposition of the opportunities faced by the development of China's solar power generation technology industry and the key points for the adjustment of the BIPV system design.
The following is a statement record:
good morning guys.
Today I mainly talk about four aspects. First, BIPV overview, second, BIPV current design issues, third, the world's largest BIPV project, based on Nanjing 10 megawatts as the basis for introducing the problems in our design, fourth, the subjective units of the industry and how to present to all of you in China Photovoltaic is better advised.
Because we are also involved in the development of standards, we have done a lot of small things, but in the process of doing things, it is clear that we are interested in ground power stations, and we have little attention to BIPV and the part of the building, and we think that photovoltaic So it can be developed because millions of millions of roof projects in various countries are driving the development of the photovoltaic industry. In the second part, from the PV generation to the current 30 years, the BIPV distribution side grid connection is 60%-70%, which means that Spain, China, and Italy have a large area of ​​ground power stations, many of which are integrated with buildings. It is that 60%-70% are BIPV technology in the international market, and it is determined from the market capacity that everyone should attach great importance to and research BIPV technology.
The so-called development of the BIPV technology on the grid-connected side, like wind power, is sometimes criticized as “junk power,†and on the user’s side, it becomes “gold power,†which everyone should pay attention to, and from the country. From the perspective of the standards introduced by the State Grid Corporation of China this year, the 863 plan has realized this, and the country will develop multi-user access at the user side. Everyone should have confidence in the development of the country's BIPV, although China is currently very much constrained in Europe. Big wronged, dropped a lot of prices, but the start of the domestic market should be just around the corner.
The Nanjing South Station is used as an example to solve the BIPV design.
In fact, the biggest difficulty of BIPV is not to be built on the ground. It is limited by space and the area is limited. We often say that BIPV technology is not only designed with ankles, but also designed with ankles and handcuffs. PV design is affected by the weather. BIPV is not only affected by the sun and the weather, but also by buildings. What is the difficulty of Nanjing South Railway Station?
First, it is not built in the flat area. On every side of the space we see, it is photovoltaic power generation in a main frame, a 4m 3x2m 6 well, which is different from the ground power station that everyone does.
Secondly, the building faces more than 28 degrees east to the east. In the national building code, it is the east-south that requires 15 degrees to solve the problem of the western sun. We must be more than double the current south east. Doing photovoltaic building actually we all know that since the west is to be solved, it means that the quality of the afternoon sun and air quality are better than those at noon. From the perspective of photovoltaics, it should be our orientation instead of the current north and south, except for the tilt angle. In other parts of China, it should be a little westward. It is good to look to the west. If we look at the technology, if we do not do so, we will have to pay more for the cost than we do now. We must strengthen basic research. . This is the difficulty of this project. We are limited by the seven technological innovations.
The first point is to make PV in deep wells;
The second point, the problem of the south east, and we call out the system integrator that guarantees everyone's photovoltaic coefficient power generation.
At present, from the earliest demand to the application of turnkey projects, the China National Electric Power Research Institute of Solar Energy, this place in Nanjing belongs to the mountainous region, according to the national new energy development layout is this, this is not the same as our first book to study, it turned out to be It is divided into five grades and is now divided into four grades. The poor part is called general. In Germany, it is equivalent to our third part, that is, the status of Nanjing, and the sunshine hours reach 3.75. This is the latitude and longitude analysis of Nanjing South Railway Station. This is our shadow analysis. Everyone in the design often do, including the design specification, what is the basis for your design?
At present, there are nearly 60 projects in the National Photovoltaic Building and Golden Sun Project that have been reviewed and completed and accepted. As long as it is related to buildings, we will let him provide the load plan, and where the design tilt angle is actually. Looking at the sun from the same location, its trajectory is "eight". We take a point, or a line, take a straight line, take a curve, according to the situation of each family, design choices Differently, we suggest that if you want to maintain power generation, you must strictly follow the "eight" shape design plan.
This is the simplification of the sun's orbit. We use this curve as a curve. This belongs to the third level that we often use in our design. It can be used as a curve. Through our own efforts for six or seven years, With the help of some colleges and universities, a visual correction system was established. This is the trajectory of the Sun during the winter solstice. The orbit of the Sun after the modeling of the Nanjing South Railway Station is the “eight†shape. Now look at Europe and follow this. The domestic design is based on this design. We found that in this place in Nanjing, the south facade is only 60% less than the effect, so we have repeatedly suggested the cost of 75 US dollars to the range of 100 US dollars and the current national 50% subsidies and With the on-grid tariff of 4毛3, it is not advisable to generate electricity on the south elevation at low latitudes because of cost considerations.
First, according to the analysis of the previous shadows, we have accumulated the analysis of the entire amount of radiation. We have discarded the amount of light that is less than 70% of the efficiency below $75. Actually, we installed only 10.67 megawatts of this project. That is, the bottom of the 13-by-16-meter bottom of Area A is now installed. B is the west side of the main frame. We have also made a comparison of the operating data for the last six months. Actually, the operating effect is even more terrible than we actually calculated. Farther east is worse.
Secondly, with respect to the design of component arrangement and connection design, shadows are connected in series in the same way, and shadows are used for key tracking. BIPV often encounters E-type components. Very efficient components are used here. Now they are used in the South Railway Station. The project's conversion efficiency of our battery reached 18.5%, and it is currently in good operation. This year, the efficiency of the photovoltaic cells we push in the market is now 20%.
Thirdly, to introduce our innovation, the current bracket used in Nanjing South Railway Station is four components lower than that of Germany. The Ministry of Railways originally requested us to load 28 kilograms. We are now doing 22 kilograms and actually do it now. After only 17 kilograms, it is its bracket system. There is no way to do 15 kilograms of components. The cable can do some work and the brackets can do. And we now have four more components than we usually think. Because China's BIPV market is not the same as foreign countries, and foreign countries often do hanging road network, we can see the BIPV design standards in Jiangsu Province, foreign countries mainly do hanging network road, while the domestic first is cement, the second is the color steel tile , Including a lot of time to do is hit the roof, one is sealed with rubber waterproof bolts, and then combined with the main beam, but the damage to the building is relatively large, we do the project is not to wear the roof , make a layer of keel directly on the roof, and directly combine with the building.
Fourthly, regarding BIPV, we not only use the grid-connected and variable inverters for maximum power electric tracking. Now the world’s most advanced tracking control technology can achieve four points, but it has not been put into commercial operation. At present, our two-way tracking is in Nanjing South. Station used, the effect is still good.
Fifth, on the issue of cabling, in fact, when it comes to EPC general contracting, it is this which can really make money. Therefore, we also appeal to everyone that if you are doing EPC, you must make the cabling technology.
Finally, we used the amorphous core in the Nanjing South Railway Station design. We expect to recover the cost within three years. Now all of the wind power and solar technology used by the Institute is amorphous core, and everyone can recover within 3-5 years. Saving investment.
For Nanjing South Railway Station, we do not recommend power generation at low latitudes in the case of guaranteed power generation. It is recommended that we carefully study construction and use upright seaming as far as possible so that lightning protection can be eliminated. We have done BIPV technology in four provinces in China. Finally, we have several appeals.
First, we would like to let our leaders and supervisors join with everyone present. We must not only let Chinese products go out. Our design and engineering also go out. Director Wang can lead us at this point in the world and take our current software design. data.
Secondly, if there is a design unit in the audience, I may be very simple to talk to you today, but the architecture is a solid "poetry." If you want to make changes later, it is very difficult. You leave your base and bracket design to stay. Some space and redundancy allow you to make adjustments later to make the system more efficient. For the owners, we recommend that you be a smart business owner. Don't look like the wind power in China. It looks very clever, every part, every point. The price is down, but the amount of power generation is not guaranteed. The construction unit is looking for a bad design. To find a design and to say that the construction is not good, we should pay attention to this aspect of the owner. Because our BIPV project is integrated with the building and the grid.
The power grid is a century-long enterprise, and buildings have a long life. We must consider the issue of the same life span of construction and accessories, and do not cut corners. Now it is still a dispute between old and new energy sources. It is not a competition within the photovoltaic system. At the time, we should not do the same thing as the Beijing South Railway Station and do it. We must let our people and our industry stand the test of history. Let us use the sunshine mentality to do the business of photovoltaic sunlight. !
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