The method of realizing night vision can use conventional visible light illumination, but this method not only cannot conceal, but also exposes the monitoring target even more. Covert night vision surveillance is currently using infrared camera technology. Infrared camera technology is divided into passive infrared camera technology and active infrared camera technology. PIR technology uses the principle of infrared emission from any object above absolute zero (-273°C). Since the human body and the heat emitting object emit strong infrared light, other non-heating objects emit weak red light. Therefore, special infrared cameras can be used for night monitoring. The passive infrared camera technology is not adopted in night vision systems due to high equipment cost and failure to reflect the surrounding environment. Active infrared camera technology utilizes specially designed "infrared light" to artificially generate infrared radiation, producing infrared light that cannot be seen by the human eye and can be captured by ordinary cameras, radiating "lighting" scenes and environments, using ordinary low-light-conversion CCD black-and-white cameras or using "daylight The color night-time automatic black and white "camera or" infrared low-light color camera "to feel the infrared light reflected from the surrounding environment, so as to achieve night vision.
Principles of Infrared Cameras Light is an electromagnetic wave whose wavelength ranges from a few nanometers (1 nm = 10-9 m) to about 1 mm (mm). What the human eye can see is only part of it. We call it visible light. The wavelength of visible light ranges from 380nm to 780nm. The wavelength of visible light is divided into red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and violet, and its wavelength is shorter than that of violet. Ultraviolet light, which is longer than infrared light, is called infrared light.
Infrared light according to its infrared light radiation mechanism is divided into semiconductor solid light (infrared emission diode) infrared light and heat radiation infrared light two. The infrared light of the infrared emitting diode is mainly used in the general market. Its principle and characteristics are described as follows: The light emitting body is composed of an infrared light emitting diode matrix. The infrared emitting diode is made of a material with high infrared radiation efficiency (commonly used gallium arsenide GaAs) to form a PN junction, and a forward bias is applied to inject the current into the PN junction to excite the infrared light. The spectral power distribution is center wavelength of 830-950 nm, and the half-peak bandwidth is about 40 nm. It is a narrow-band distribution, which is a range that a common CCD black-and-white camera can sense. Its greatest advantage is that it can be completely free of red storms (using infrared tubes at 940 to 950 nm wavelengths) or only weak red storms (red storms have visible red light) and long life. The emission power of infrared light emitting diodes is expressed in terms of irradiance μW/m2. In general, the infrared radiation power is proportional to the forward operating current, but near the maximum rated value of the forward current, the temperature of the device rises due to the heat loss of the current, and the optical emission power decreases. Infrared diode current is too small, it will affect the radiated power to play, but the operating current is too large will affect its life, and even make the infrared diode burned. To address this situation, Fujifilm Computer Co., Ltd. FI-930C and FI-970C have taken this issue into full consideration in designing. Using high-efficiency light-emitting diodes, a built-in heat-dissipation system inside the camera ensures that the camera can work stably for 25,000 hours!
Infrared camera selection and use The most important issue in the selection of infrared lamps is the integration of infrared lamps with cameras, lenses, protective covers, and power supplies. At present, most cameras on the market are separate from infrared projectors. In this way, we must consider all the equipment in the design of the program. Is it the choice of a black and white camera with an infrared lamp or a black-and-white camera? There are also considerations for installation and waterproofing.
In general, the CCD sensor used in black-and-white cameras has a wide range of light-sensing spectrum. The light-sensing spectrum not only includes the visible light region, but also extends to the infrared region. Using the auxiliary infrared light illumination can clearly image the CCD sensor, and the ordinary color The camera's light-sensing spectrum is only in the visible light area, so it cannot be used for infrared light bulbs to illuminate the camera; the day/night camera uses two CCDs to switch or a CCD sensor, and the switching of the digital circuit can also realize the infrared light bulb illuminating the camera, but there is Black and white illuminance is high or there are disadvantages such as bad influence on color. In addition, there is an integrated infrared camera, which is a camera, lens, protective cover, infrared light, etc., together with typical products such as FU-Kang's FI-930C and FI-970C. High-quality aluminum shell, through a molding production process, the product's waterproof rating to IP55 level, can be used in indoor and outdoor common, due to the use of integrated design, it naturally reduces the difficulty of construction and debugging.
With the rapid development of infrared night vision systems, infrared lamp production and supply manufacturers will also increase, but infrared products are not as easy as some people think, but also have different conditions in terms of technology, detection equipment, and so on. We hope that users will make more comparisons. Choose carefully.
Users should first read the instruction manual carefully when using the infrared light, especially the precautions for ensuring personal equipment safety. Check whether the supporting aspects mentioned in the previous section meet the requirements. Whether the influencing factors that should be taken into consideration should be taken into consideration, if not meet the requirements, the equipment used can be adjusted in time.
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