The development of advanced technology is changing with each passing day, and technology should adapt to this development. The role of precision testing technology in the mechanical discipline is to serve the advanced manufacturing industry and take on the responsibility of quality and technical assurance. This requires starting with the improvement of the quality of the product, which is also the most important goal to be achieved. Secondly, precision testing technology should improve the production efficiency of the products. Therefore, the detection method should be able to adapt to the requirements of rapid development of production, can not be detected solely for testing, and can not affect the efficiency of production because of the requirements of testing. From a more positive point of view, it should be promoted by the good service of precision testing technology. Increased production capacity. According to the requirements of the development of advanced manufacturing technology and the development rules of precision testing technology, new measurement principles and test methods, as well as test information processing technology, are continuously expanded. In terms of mechanical disciplines, the following aspects are expected to be developed.
1. Measurement control in zero waste production
In manufacturing, the ideal goal of quality assurance is to implement zero waste manufacturing. In the process of achieving this goal, the role and significance of precision testing technology is self-evident. The processing quality of the parts and the assembly quality of the complete machine are related to the processing and processing of the processing equipment, test equipment and test information. Therefore, the realization of zero waste production, from the perspective of precision testing, the following issues should be considered:
(1) Check the machine tool before machining the workpiece. How to quickly and accurately verify the processing equipment to obtain the accuracy of the machine tool is very beneficial to greatly reduce rework and even eliminate rework. Of course this is the research and development including detection equipment.
(2) On-line measurement of workpieces or 100% inspection of workpieces during production, it is necessary to study test equipment suitable for dynamic or quasi-dynamic, and even integrate into special test equipment in processing equipment to achieve real-time testing. According to the test results, the process parameters are continuously modified, and the processing equipment is supplementally adjusted or feedback controlled. From the perspective of precision theory, we must also study the dynamic precision theory, including the assessment of dynamic accuracy.
(3) Study how to make full use of measurement information to achieve zero waste production. Through the full utilization of 100% online measurement data, the dynamic characteristics of the error distribution during processing and measurement are analyzed, and the zero waste manufacturing is given according to the dynamic characteristics of the machining error and the precision loss characteristics of the precision, as well as the product quality requirements and tolerance regulations. The basic theoretical model. Make full use of artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms and other modern mathematical methods to accurately predict the quality of processing, and achieve quality advance control.
2, technology
There are many non-contact testing techniques, and it is especially worth mentioning that it is visual testing technology. The development of modern visual theory and technology is not only to simulate the functions that the human eye can complete, but more importantly, it can accomplish the work that the human eye cannot do, so visual technology is the latest technology in electronics, optics and computers. The maturity and perfection are rapidly developed. Visual testing technology is an emerging testing technology based on computer vision research. Different from the visual pattern recognition and visual understanding of computer vision research, the visual testing technology focuses on the geometrical dimensions of objects and the position measurement of objects, such as the measurement of the three-dimensional size of the car body, the rapid measurement of the three-dimensional shape of the mold, and the large workpiece. Coaxiality measurement, coplanarity measurement, etc. It can be widely used in active and real-time measurement processes such as online measurement and reverse engineering. Visual test technology has developed rapidly in foreign countries. As early as the 1980s, the US National Bureau of Standards predicted that 90% of inspection tasks would be completed by visual test systems. In the United States in the 1980s, more than 100 companies were among the operating markets of visual test systems. Visible visual test systems are indeed promising. At the Beijing International Machine Tool Fair in October 1999, we have seen instruments developed by foreign visual inspection technology, such as mobile optical coordinate measuring machine, high-speed high-precision digital scanning system, non-contact optical coordinate measuring machine and other advanced instruments. .
3. Measurement methods are diversified
(1) Application of multi-sensor fusion technology in the manufacturing field Multi-sensor fusion is a method to solve the measurement information acquisition in the measurement process, which can improve the accuracy of measurement information. Since multiple sensors acquire information in different ways or from different angles, it is possible to use the information fusion between them to falsify the truth and improve the measurement accuracy.
(2) Building block type, combined measuring method The body-in-white three-dimensional measuring system belongs to this kind of method. It can also be said that it is a flexible coordinate measuring machine with special flexibility. The key lies in the establishment of the system.
(3) Portable measuring instruments such as portable fiber optic interferometers, portable large-scale three-dimensional measuring systems, etc., are often used to solve large-scale measurement problems in the field.
(4) Virtual instrument virtual instrument is the application of virtual reality technology in the field of precision testing, and has been deeply studied in China. One is to virtualize a variety of digital test instruments into a digital intelligent test instrument supported by a computer; the other is to study virtual measurements in virtual manufacturing, such as virtual gauge blocks, virtual coordinate measuring machines, and the like.
(5) Intelligent structure It belongs to structure detection and fault diagnosis. It is an interdisciplinary subject integrating intelligent technology, sensing technology, information technology, bionic technology, material science, etc., making the concept of monitoring transition to online, dynamic and active real-time. Monitoring and control.
4, measuring size continues to develop towards two extremes
The so-called two extremes refer to the large size and small size relative to the current measurement size. The measurement of the usual dimensions has been widely noted, and a variety of test methods have also been developed. In recent years, due to the rapid development and urgent needs of the national economy, many aspects of production and engineering testing requirements exceed the range we can test, such as the measurement of aircraft shape, measurement of key parts of large machinery, elevator guide rails of high-rise buildings. Collimation measurement, on-site calibration of tank trucks, etc. all require large-scale measurement; rapid development of microelectronics technology and biotechnology, exploration of the needs of the microscopic world of materials, continuous improvement of measurement accuracy, and micro and nano testing.
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